THE DANGERS OF SMOKING

A smoker can easily be identified in any group. Not only does he reek of stale smoke,he also has bad breath,much to the dread of non-smokers.However, the effects of smoking are far more insidious than the offensive smell associated with smokers.
Cigarette smoke contains many toxic substances like carbon monoxide,nicotine and carcinogens that not only cause irreparable damage to the smoker,but also to those around him who inhale the smoke.
Carbon monoxide reduces blood capacity to carry oxygen,thus causing fatigue and painting even with the slightest physical exertion.The lack of oxygen in the body acts as a catalyst that accelerates the aging process,causing wrinkles.
Nicotine contained in cigarette smoke reduces the activity of the brain and nervous system.It also raises the risk of high blood pressure.Nicotine causes the contraction of blood vessels and decrease of blood supply. This ultimately leads to heart attacks.
Smokers are at a higher risk of developing certain kinds of cancers because cigarette smoke contains carcinogens.Long-time smokers often develop cancers of the mouth,larynx and lungs.
Smoking not only endangers the smoker himself but also those who inhale secondary smoke-smoke exhaled by smokers. In view of the many dangers of smoking,more smoking cessation programmes should be introduced to smokers.

FACIAL FOODS

Who does not want beautiful skin clean , smooth supple and certainly makes each person is male or female captive . Actually , not only externally noteworthy , but inner beauty factors that actually evokes an aura of radiance naturally without having to use a branded product and is sold at a price too expensive . So , why do not you try some of the foods that can serve as a daily routine for long lasting beauty .

1 ) berry

Vitamin C is an important factor to get beautiful skin and berries have it. Out of strawberry to black berries , vitamins contained in it will help build collagen fibers so that the skin look younger . Antioxidants are also very high in berries also help overcome the problem of inflammation if you take some strawberry smoothie every day , it is sufficient to source healthy skin .

2 ) cereals

                                               


Although cereal is low on the glycemic index cause a rise in blood sugar , but it also helps in maintaining youthful , healthy appearance at the moment you try to keep the skin.


3 ) Potato

Potatoes provide the nutrients needed by badan.Kandungan zinc and vitamin C also helps in creating more elastin in the skin , giving the skin a youthful , healthy and fit every time .

4 ) MANGO

help maintain overall skin already face due to high levels of antioxidants to help fight free radicals. That means you will not experience skin problems or premature aging of the skin at a young age .

5 ) YOGURT

High protein content in yogurt helps make the skin more elastic . Greek yogurt is said to be very good as it contains much more than 2x the amount of protein and high in fiber as regular yogurt mixture that you makan.Sebagai additional benefits , there are some great flavors and you can be creative by adding some berries or honey to taste a little more.

6 ) avocados

The fruit is not only used in many facial products , but skin and avocado is high in vitamin B. Niacin ( B- 3 ) ​​contained in it helps get the skin smooth , healthy, overcome skin itchy , red or bengkak.Jika you want to try , you can make it a salad , smoothie or as a facial treatment . naturally occurring compounds in avocados that assist in the overall appearance of your skin.

7 ) COTTAGE CHEESE

It contains Selenium and Vitamin E , which helps fight free radicals and provide antioxidants for healthy skin . There were also reports claiming cottage cheese can help prevent some types of cancer if eaten as part of a healthy diet plan .

8 ) PEPPER

Colorful peppers such as green , yellow, orange and red are not only fun but it also helps prevent wrinkles because peppers contain carotenoids ( antioxidants in peppers ) . In addition, it reduces wrinkles so skin looks younger, good and healthy if consumed on a continuous basis .

9 ) WALNUT ALMOND

Essential fatty acids are found in foods that help maintain cell membranes and helps to remove harmful toxins from tubuh.Ia help maintain water needed to be more healthy skin not only in the face , but the whole body . In addition , healthy oils and fats in nuts are said to be bad for your heart , maintain a healthy weight where everyone wants.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF MYELOFIBROSIS

Signs and symptoms of Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis is recognized as the sum kanser blood or bone marrow disorders, rare and difficult dikesan you indulge symptoms and stage of the disease berbeza.Pengidap strength disability in the bone marrow that leads to excess or deficiency of various blood cells.
Signs and symptoms of Myelofibrosis:
1) Full Flavor dikaitakan in the abdomen with an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly)
2) Bone Pain
3) Easy bruising and bleeding due to prevailing shortage of platelets
4) Lethargy
5) Easy rdang exposed to outbreaks such as the lungs and diarrhea.
6) Pale and breathless when beriadah due to anemia
7) As a result of changing levels of high cell dizziness, hyperuricemia (high uric acids content in the body) and may add to the complications of gout

source: Berita Harian.

GUM DISEASE AND DIABETES PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE

Gum disease and diabetes prevention is better than cure .

Through visits and follow-up to the dental , gum disease can be controlled and will be lowering levels of sugar in this darah.Perubahan same as if a person with diabetes is not controlled , the addition of another type of medication will help .
With healthy gums , blood sugar control in good condition, it will reduce the risk of complications diabetis.Dibantu with weight control and exercise continued . We will be in good health .
However , prevention is still better than cure . Gum disease can actually be prevented . Prevention includes oral hygiene by brushing your teeth twice a day using a fluoride toothpaste and floss gigi.Teknik berflourida toothbrush should be used to effectively remove plaque and not harm the gums and teeth .
Also, consult dentist regularly is important to detect the disease at an early stage or track back if the disease is left untreated dating again .
Therefore, the dentist made ​​the meeting, as part of a healthy lifestyle and also as important as regular visits to the doctor perubatan.Mulut is part of the body and it is very relevant .

source:berita harian.

BENEFITS OF GREEN APPLE

Green Apples is synonymous with the daily diet to manage their health.But, many do not know that apple green is very nutritious for everyone not just those that want to diet. Eating green apple each day helps to keep their healty.Epal also often made ​​of juice

Benefits of Green Apple:

1 ) Foods high in fiber

2 ) Containing Carbohydrates

- carbohydrate content in green apple gives us a feeling of fullness .

3 ) A rich source of minerals and vitamins

Green apple contains iron, magnesium , potassium , calcium , soldium , vitamin C , vitamin A and vitamin B as well as a source of soluble fiber . This resource helps to increase oxygen in the blood and protects the skin from the harmful effects of free radicals as well as help one to keep the skin glowing from within .

Green apple helped to prevent some health and disease.Green apple can help prevent :

 Construction of cholesterol in the blood vessel wall .
 Reduce the risk of heart disease .
 Assist membrane lung health .
 Assist bone health by adding chemicals ( boron ) on bone mineral density.
 Assist with maintaining the health of the cardiovascular system blood cholesterol levels.
 Helps maintain weight .
 Reduce stress asthma.
 Reduce risk of cancer

Overall, very good green apple for health and skin.It contain a variety of vitamins and minerals , carbohydrates and high fiber . healthy diet and prevent is better than secure.Lets take green apple in your daily diet!

SAVE THE ENVIRONMENT

    Our world today is facing serious pollution.Pollution is a serious issue giving rise to many forms of polllution in the environment.We have begun to slowly destroy our earth.We must do something to save the earth.
     We must start by recycling to save our environment.We can start by doing simple things.Educate the young from early age to inculcate these good habits so that the earth will last for a long time for the future genarations.
      We must reduce our waste.Do not buy unnecessary things.Do not throw away disposable things.Think of ways to reuse them.For examples,we can use jam jars as containers for drink.Make an effort to sort out the garbage so that they can be sent to recycling centres or collection points.

TEENAGE SMOKING

     One of the reason why teenagers smoke is to try to make themselves look older.Some way think that smoking or chewing tobacco makes them more hip or good looking,like a movie star or a famous baseball player.Another reason is to seem cool in front of their friends.And some say that smoking helps them to relax.In actual fact,smoking actually raises their blood pressure and makes their heart beat faster.
    Others may think it is all right to smoke because people in their family do.Sometimes it may seem like everyone is using tobacco,so it cannot be that bad.The sad fact is they do not realise how poisonous and dangerous tobacco is.
     When people try smoking for the first time,they often cough a lot and feel pain or a burning sensation in their throat and lungs.This is because the body is being smart.The lungs are trying to protect the smokers and telling them to keep the lungs smoke-free.However,this is often not heeded.And so the teenagers get stuck to the cigarette.

meteor shower

 it was happened in malaysia on 2013 before this.

solar eclipse

UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

1) Unicellular organisms are organisms that consist of only one cell

Examples of unicellular organisms are amoeba,chlamydomonas,paramecium,euglena,yeast and pleurococcus.

                                                                           amoeba

paramecium

yeast

chlamydomonas

pleurococcus

2) Multicellular organisms are organisms which consist of many cells

Examples of multicellular organisms are hydra,spirogyra animals and plants.

                                                                      spirogyra

hydra

SuperMoon Phenomena 2011- Pictures & Video

Lincoln Memorial in Washington.(c) NASA
-A perigee syzygy of the Earth Moon Sun system or "supermoon" is a full or new moon that coincides with a close approach by the Moon to the Earth.

-The Moon's distance varies each month between approximately 357,000 kilometers (222,000 mi) and 406,000 km (252,000 mi) due to its elliptical orbit around the Earth (distances given are center-to-center)


UK

mineral and rock

geology museums

Today the museum continuous to develop into a center for engaging visitor in developing a deeper understanding the dynamic world in which we live. our mineral , rock and fossil collection have the power to educate and inspire visitors in all of age.

mineral

Minerals are substance that are formed naturally in the earth . Minerals must be solid, inorganic, have a crystal structure, and happen naturally (by themselves). A mineral can be made of single chemical element or more usually a compound. There are over 4,000 types of known minerals. Two common minerals are quarzt and feldspar.Minerals are different from rock

mineral classification

Minerals are broadly classified in to two categories: Silicate and non-Silicate minerals.

Silicate Minerals
The most commonly found group of mineral in the Earth's crust is the silicate group. Almost all silicate minerals have silicon and oxygen as their primary components. Most silicate minerals are formed by the cooling of molten rocks. As the molten rocks come closer to the surface inside the Earth's crust, they start cooling very fast and combine with the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, silicon. Silicate minerals constitute approximately 90% of the Earth's crust. Fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄)Zircon (ZrSiO₄), Enstatite (MgSiO₃), Ferrosilite (FeSiO₃) are some examples of sulphate minerals.

Non-Silicate Minerals

• There is a complete range of non-silicate minerals. Some of these minerals are formed when there is cooling of magma, while some others are formed when water in them evaporates, or due to minerals decomposition. The non-silicates can be further classified in to different groups which are: elements, oxides, carbonates, sulphates, and many more which are not commonly found naturally. Most of these groups have their own sub-categories. But, let us discuss these groups first:

• :elements Many pure elements are found in the form of minerals in ores or mines. For example, uncombined carbon is often found in its pure state in the form of graphite or more rarely as diamond. Gold, silver and sulfur are other elements which are also found in its pure state. Even though these are pure elements they qualify to be known as minerals, but no chemical process is required on them further.
• oxide: When an ore is found in which one or more elements are combined with oxygen, it is an oxide mineral. These may have chemical formulas of type XO (MgO, ZnO, CuO, etc.), X₂O (Cu₂O), X₂O₃ (Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃), XO₂ (MnO₂, SnO₂) and XY₂O₄ (MgAl₂O₄, FeCr₂O₄). The oxide minerals, are mostly of metallic elements. Example: hematite, magnetite, cuprite. Silicates and oxides are the most common types of minerals in volcanoes, especially after an eruption.
• Carbonates: The carbonate type of minerals are formed when a single carbonate ion (CO₃^2-) reacts with a metal ion of complementing polarity. Example: siderite (FeCO₃), smithsonite (ZnCO₃), calcite (CaCO₃). Carbonate minerals are used in making cement and other bonding material.
• Sulphates: The mineral class which includes the sulfate ion (SO₄^2-) within its molecular structure, is categorized as sulphate mineral. Minerals like Gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) and Barite (BaSO₄) are examples of sulphate minerals.
• Organic Minerals: This class of minerals include biogenic substances, genesis or origin of which can be attributed to a geological processes. Organic minerals include all types of oxalates, mellitates, citrates, cyanates, acetates, formates, hydrocarbons, etc. Example of organic mineral includes whewellite, moolooite, mellite, fichtelite, carpathite, evenkite and abelsonite.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

• Endangered species are species animals or plants that are facing the threat of becoming extinct.Examples of endangered species of animals are the orang utan,rhinoceros,tapir,giant panda and elephant. Examples of endangered species of plants are rafflesia and pitcher plants. Many species of animals and plants become endangered species because of human activities.Human activities that cause the species to become extinct include

1. illegal and excessive logging
2. illegal and excessive hunting
3. excessive development
   

The road not taken

two road diverged in a yellow wood,
and sorry i could not travel both
and be one traveler,long i stood
and looked down one as far as i could
to where it bent in the undergrowth;

then took the other,as just as fair,
and having perhaps the better claim,
because it was grassy and wanted wear;
though as for that the passing there
had worn them really about the same,

FUNGI

Examples of fungi are mould and yeast
mould can be found on the rotten food,mouldy bread, trees and forest floors.
bacteria

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY

ADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY

Technology gives us many advantages.
Examples of the advantages of technology are as shown below

• machines help to increase productivity in agriculture
• modern transport enables us to travel faster and more conveniently
• invention of modern communication enables us to communicate with other people in any place of the world.
• machines help to increase productivity and reduce cost in factories.

DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY

Technology also brings disadvantages to mankind and the environment
Examples of disadvantages of technology are as shown below

• factories release toxic gases and waste products that cause air and water pollution
• oil spills cause the extinction of aquatic life
• excessive logging activities with modern tools cause the extinction of living things and the destruction of the environment
• the increasing use of resources such as petroleum causes the depletion of natural resources
• the invention of destructive weapons causes destruction of property and kills many people
  

WHAT IS A ROBOT

A robot is a machine. It can be programmed to carry out different functions. It is designed to carry out tasks repeatedly, with speed and accuracy. Robots are often used in industries which involve heavy work or repetitive work and in the handling of hazardous materials.
Robots can be used in environments where it is risky for humans. For example, in deep mines where the air quality is bad or where there is a danger of tunnel collapse.
Robots can also be used in situations where the work to be done is repetitive because they do not encounter problems of boredom or fatigue.
Robots are more suitable where the work is tedious or the hour are long. Robots also do the work of many people engaged in a task. This will save on human labour.
Robots can work at a higher level of accuracy and consistency for a longer period than a person can. It is easier for a company therefore. to calculate productivity rates if robots are used. Furthermore, the quality of the products would be more consistent, and quality control in such a factory would be an easier task.
There are different types of robots. The vast majority of robots do not look anything like a human being.
Some types of robots exhibited in this exhibition are cleaner Bots for home user,Spider Bots for space explorations, Rescue Bots for emergency rescue work and Battle Bots to be used in
wars.
Robots can also be used in urban search and rescue(USAR) operations which is the rescue of people trapped under collapsed man-made structures, due to the earthquakes and bombing. Robots can go beyond the reach and sences of recue workers and help locate trapped survivors more quickly and safely.

MONSOON HISTORY

The air is wet,soaks
Into mattresses,and curls
In apparitions of smoke.
Like fat white slugs furled
Among the timber,
Or silver fish tunneling
The damp linen covers
Of schoolbooks,or working
Quietly like centipedes,
The air walking everywhere
On its hundred feet
Is filled with the glare
On tropical water.

Again we are taken over
By clouds and rolling darkness.
Small snails appear
Clashing their timid horns
Among the morning glory
Vines.

SMOKING -THE SILENT KILLER

Cigarette smoke can be more hazardous to non- smokers than to the smokes themselves.

Effect

• lung cancer
• eye irritation
• headache
• cough
• sore throat
• asthma
• dizziness
  
• respiratory disease
• miscarriages
• babies being born with a low birth weight

How to quit smoking

• Nico stop- from of patches
• Quit -Ezy -herbal tablet

Effort to curb smoking :-

1. law stating that vendors are not allowed to sell cigarettes to anyone under the age of 18
2. put pictures of disease lungs caused by smoking
3. use poster- educate the public about toxic substance in cigarettes
4. campaigns -particularly in schools
   

Reason why people stop smoking

1. symptoms of illness-tired and could not concentrate
2. peer pressure - people avoid to the smoker (bad breath)
3. effect of government measures - government imposed a ban on cigarette advertisements
   

WATER POLLUTION

The rivers and seas have been us as dumping grounds for all kinds of waste materials. We throw rubbish into the drains that lead to the rivers.Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water ; and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.
Factories dispose of their waste materials into the rivers.

Garbage strewn across a sandy area

These waste materials contain toxic and poisonous substances.The rivers and sea can become polluted.The poisonous waste material can kill fish. Since we also depend on our rivers and sea for food,our health can be affected if we eat fish from polluted waters. Sometimes oil from ships spills into the seas and oceans. The oil not only pollutes the seas and the oceans but pollutes the beaches too. This can destroy the habitat of water organisms.